Solar Wind Effects Associated with a Recurrent,High-Latitude Coronal Brightness Enhancement     

Gary D. Parker 《Solar physics》2009,257(1):155-167

During the descent of Ulysses following the 2001 solar north pole passage, the SOHO LASCO C2 telescope recorded a particularly strong sequence of recurrent polarization brightness (pB) features at latitudes of around 55°. As Ulysses passed overhead, solar rotation swept the interplanetary extensions of these persistent coronal structures over the spacecraft. Comparison of solar remote sensing and Ulysses in situ observations through 2002 reveals the solar wind effects of very bright and recurrent K-coronal structures at high solar latitudes and of a steeply inclined heliospheric neutral sheet (HNS). Despite the high level of solar activity, the HNS at high latitude still organizes solar wind stream structure much as it did near the previous solar minimum. The recurrent coronal streamers originate slow solar wind and mark the northern extremity of a very tilted HNS whose passage at Ulysses is accompanied by slow, dense solar wind, enhanced temperature, depressed α abundance, enhanced magnetic fields, and magnetic field directional changes that evolve with spacecraft latitude.  相似文献   

Multispacecraft Observations of Magnetic Clouds and Their Solar Origins between 19 and 23 May 2007     

E. K. J. Kilpua  P. C. Liewer  C. Farrugia  J. G. Luhmann  C. Möstl  Y. Li  Y. Liu  B. J. Lynch  C. T. Russell  A. Vourlidas  M. H. Acuna  A. B. Galvin  D. Larson  J. A. Sauvaud 《Solar physics》2009,254(2):325-344

We analyze a series of complex interplanetary events and their solar origins that occurred between 19 and 23 May 2007 using observations by the STEREO and Wind satellites. The analyses demonstrate the new opportunities offered by the STEREO multispacecraft configuration for diagnosing the structure of in situ events and relating them to their solar sources. The investigated period was characterized by two high-speed solar wind streams and magnetic clouds observed in the vicinity of the sector boundary. The observing satellites were separated by a longitudinal distance comparable to the typical radial extent of magnetic clouds at 1 AU (fraction of an AU), and, indeed, clear differences were evident in the records from these spacecraft. Two partial-halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) were launched from the same active region less than a day apart, the first on 19 May and the second on 20 May 2007. The clear signatures of the magnetic cloud associated with the first CME were observed by STEREO B and Wind while only STEREO A recorded clear signatures of the magnetic cloud associated with the latter CME. Both magnetic clouds appeared to have interacted strongly with the ambient solar wind and the data showed evidence that they were a part of the coronal streamer belt. Wind and STEREO B also recorded a shocklike disturbance propagating inside a magnetic cloud that compressed the field and plasma at the cloud’s trailing portion. The results illustrate how distant multisatellite observations can reveal the complex structure of the extension of the coronal streamer into interplanetary space even during the solar activity minimum. Electronic Supplementary Material  The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

接入实时降雨数据的暴雨型洪涝灾害临灾预警方法     

杜志强  王叁  张叶廷 《地理信息世界》2017,24(1)

针对现有暴雨型洪涝灾害预警方法时效性差的问题,提出了一种接入实时降雨数据的暴雨型洪涝灾害临灾预警方法。根据时序分析模型由历史降雨数据和实时降雨数据分析识别异常降雨,并将异常降雨、地形起伏、高程和河网因素作为影响因子,构建暴雨型洪涝灾害风险指数,以"日"为时间尺度进行短时暴雨型洪涝灾害风险分析。从异常降雨致灾角度出发,根据降雨的异常程度将暴雨型洪涝灾害风险等级划分为无风险、低风险、中风险、中高风险和高风险5个等级,进而实现临灾预警,为防灾减灾提供一定的参考信息。以广东省清远市2014年5月的洪涝灾害为例,接入5月21日至5月26日期间逐日降雨量数据,实现了临灾风险分析。实验结果表明,六日内清远市阳山县中下区域发生暴雨洪涝灾害的风险较大,与实际灾情相吻合,达到了较好的预警效果。  相似文献   

基于多源空间数据的地质灾害监测预警系统研究——以云南省德钦县为例     

赵俊三  柯尊杰  陈国平  袁磊  谷苗  王涛 《地理信息世界》2017,24(3)

三维激光扫描、合成孔径雷达干涉(InSAR)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)、无人机及物联网等新技术为测绘、监测以及早期预警系统(EWS)提供了更丰富的数据源。本文基于上述技术,设计提出了一种针对滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害监测预警系统(GDMEWS)的解决方案。介绍了地质灾害监测预警系统复杂多变的特点,对系统的体系结构、多源空间数据库组成、开发模式、业务逻辑、系统开发的方法及关键技术进行了分析。论文以具有独特的地形地貌、滑坡和泥石流类型众多、典型多样的德钦县为案例区,探讨GDMEWS的体系机构及关键技术。首先,对系统的功能要求,监测及预测模型等进行了讨论;其次,研究了灾前预警、灾中抢险、灾后重建全过程的逻辑关系,开发防灾减灾和地质灾害管理支持工具;再次,阐述了多源监测数据集成方法和地质灾害机理模型的建立。最后,对GDMEWS的研发实现进行了阐述,并说明其在德钦县地灾的全过程实时动态管理、监测和预警中的应用。  相似文献   

全球气候变化与地质灾害响应分析     

高杨  李滨  冯振  左晓 《地质力学学报》2017,23(1):65-77

对全球气候变化对地质灾害的响应关系,尤其是对滑坡和泥石流灾害的响应关系进行了综述。工业化革命以来,特别是近几十年来全球气候发生着重要的变化,全球几乎所有地区都经历着升温过程。全球气候变化对极端天气事件(极端降雨、气温升高、强风和洪水灾害)的影响尤为强烈,并且增加了地质灾害的发生风险。其中,水循环和气温的变化是影响地质灾害发生的直接因素。气温上升会导致大气层含水量升高、冰川冻土退化、海平面上升、蒸发作用增强;水循环变化会导致降雨频率、降水周期、降水强度的改变。日益增加的极端天气与同岩土体相互作用,导致了不同类型地质灾害的发生,严重威胁着人类的生活起居。  相似文献   

长虫山郊野公园建设项目地质灾害危险性分析评价     

田正伟  燕永锋  陈正学 《地质灾害与环境保护》2017,28(1)

根据野外调查、区域地质环境、地质水文工程地质等资料,对长虫山郊野公园地质灾害危险性进行现状评估、预测评估,提出地质灾害防治措施,为景区公园的规划建设和开展地质灾害防治工作提供依据,对同类景区地质环境的评估有部分借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Sensitivity study of the seasonal mean circulation in the northern South China Sea   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

宏波  王东晓 《大气科学进展》2008,25(5):824-840

A study of the circulation in the northern South China Sea （SCS） is carried out with the aid of a three-dimensional, high-resolution regional ocean model. One control and two sensitivity experiments are performed to qualitatively investigate the effects of surface wind forcing, Kuroshio intrusion, and bottom topographic influence on the circulation in the northern SCS. The model results show that a branch of the Kuroshio in the upper layer can intrude into the SCS and have direct influence on the circulation over the continental shelf break in the northern SCS. There are strong southward pressure gradients along a zonal belt largely seaward of the continental slope. The pressure gradients are opposite in the southern and northern parts of the Luzon Strait, indicating inflow and outflow through the strait, respectively. The sensitivity experiments suggest that the Kuroshio intrusion is responsible for generating the imposed pressure head along the shelf break and has no obvious seasonal variations. The lateral forcing through the Luzon Strait and Taiwan Strait can induce the southwestward slope current and the northeastward SCS Warm Current in the northern SCS. Without the lateral forcing, there is the continental slope. The wind forcing mainly causes the The wind-induced water pile-up results in the southward no high-pressure-gradient zonal belt seaward of seasonal variation of the circulation in the SCS. high pressure gradient along the northwestern boundary of the basin. Without the blocking of the plateau around Dongsha Islands, the intruded Kuroshio tends to extend northwest and the SCS branch of the Kuroshio becomes wider and stronger. The analyses presented here are qualitative in nature but should lead to a better understanding of the oceanic responses in the northern SCS to these external influence factors.  相似文献   

春季强降水过程的多普勒天气雷达图像特征剖析   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

王丽荣  汤达章  张艳刚 《气象科技》2006,34(1):88-92

对2004年4月25日出现在华北的一次大范围较强降雨过程进行了分析,介绍了多普勒天气雷达径向速度PPI图像和垂直风廓线(VWP)产品的应用技术,根据这两种产品可以判断冷、暖平流,以及各个高度层风的辐合、辐散,综合这些特征进一步判断气流上升或下沉,从而可以推断降水的生消。通过对此次降水个例的分析,探讨了春季强降雨过程的雷达图像特征,发现在降水发生、发展和消亡的不同时段垂直风廓线产品和径向速度图像都有非常明显地体现,为今后预报春季大面积降水提供一定的参考和依据。  相似文献   

青藏高原东北侧7月少雨流型的研究     

王金花  马镜娴  谢金南 《高原气象》2004,23(6):875-883

根据青藏高原东北侧9个代表站1951—2000年历年7月的降水量资料,确定了5个多、少雨年。再用NCEP／NCAR再分析格点资料,分别求出850,700,600,500,200,100,70,50和30hPa共计9个层次上多、少雨年份7月月平均合成位势高度场。计算了500hPa合成高度场与其余各个层次合成高度场流型的相似性度量以及各个层次的东亚北风指数。结果表明：20世纪80年代提出的1300hPa层次上高原东北侧“西正东负”少雨流型的特征在850～70hPa整层大气中仍然存在。同时．7月少雨流型与平流层低层70,50hPa前期环流特征之间也存在联系,这些结果可供西北干旱形成研究和干旱预测业务参考。  相似文献   

Emergency responses to water disasters in coalmines,China     

Qiang Wu  Wanfang Zhou  Entai Guan 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(1):95-100

Emergency response to water-related disasters is an important part of many coalmine operations in China. It usually consists of both incident prevention measures and rescue counter-plans. In principle, prevention is always the top priority, followed by rescue. The prevention measures relies on thorough understanding of the mine hydrogeology, correct identification of water burst risk levels, and an effective monitoring program for inundations. The emergency rescue is initiated when an accident occurs, and a rescue plan often includes a self-rescue and mutual-rescue program.  相似文献